Pathogens, Diseases, And Their Prevention JSS1 Physical & Health Education Lesson Note

TOPIC: PATHOGENS, DISEASES, AND THEIR PREVENTIONS

DISEASES

Pathogens are very tiny organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye but which cause diseases when they enter the body.

PATHOGENS

The agents causing diseases are called pathogens. 

PATHOGENS OR DISEASE-CAUSATIVE AGENTS ARE THE FOLLOWING

1.                  Viruses

2.                  Bacteria

3.                  Fungi

4.                  Protozoa

5.                  Worms

6.                  Rickettsiae

DISEASES CAUSED BY PATHOGENS

A disease is an incident that disrupts the structure and function of the body system.

The diseases which are caused by pathogens are also known as pathogenic diseases.

1. Diarrhea

2. Poliomyelitis

3. Tuberculosis

4. Hepatitis

5. HIV/AIDs

6. Malaria

7. Measles

8. Chickenpox

9. Mumps

There are two main types of diseases. They are:

1.     Communicable diseases

2.     Non-communicable diseases

 COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

These are diseases that can be transmitted from one person to another or from animals to humans.

Some common Examples of communicable diseases are;

1.                  Whooping cough

2.                  Measles

3.                  HIV/AIDS

4.                  Tuberculosis

5.                  Yellow fever

6.                  Cholera

7.                  Syphilis

8.                  Scabies

9.                  Flu

10.              Gonorrhea

 NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

This type of disease cannot be transmitted from one person to the other.  Examples are.

Non-communicable diseases may result from Physiological failure, chemical fallout, malnutrition, genetic traits, brain damage, etc.

1.                  Cancer

2.                  Stroke

3.                  Asthma

4.                  Sickle cell

5.                  Ulcer

6.                  Kwashiorkor

7.                  Epilepsy

8.                  Neurosis

9.                  Marasmus

10.              Hypertension

 The different ways of preventing and controlling communicable diseases are through:

1.                  Health Education

2.                  Immunization

3.                  Clean environment

4.                  Adequate nutrition and feeding

5.                  Isolation and quarantine

6.                  Regular exercise

7.                  Good personal hygiene

Evaluation

1.        What are diseases and Pathogens?

2.     Differentiate between communicable and non-communicable diseases with examples

3.        State three ways of preventing diseases. 

Assignment: Give five ways of preventing communicable diseases