Pathogens, Diseases, and Prevention – Basic 5 Physical & Health Education Lesson Note (Third Term)

Performance objectives

At the end of this discussion in this unit, children should be able to know:

1. The meaning of Sickness
2. The meaning of illness
3. How to prevent diseases

Learning materials

• Whiteboard/Chalkboard • Explanatory posters/pictures • Explanatory videos

Reference materials

• Lagos State Scheme of Work • Online Materials • Physical and Health Education for Primary Schools

CONTENT

Meaning of sickness and illness

A DISEASE is an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning.

PATHOGENS: Any disease-producing agent (especially a virus, bacterium or other microorganism)

Meaning of sickness:

• It is a state when the body is not in a comfortable position • It is the unsoundness of the body • It is illness, disorder, disease • When one is emotionally disturbed • One is physically disturbed

When a person is sick, the person should see a doctor to check what is wrong with him or her. And the person should use drugs recommended by the doctor.

Prevention of sickness

To prevent sickness and diseases, we must ensure we eat the six classes of food (balanced diet). And we should maintain good hygiene.

Meaning of illness

ILLNESS: It is the length of time of being unwell, as a result of diseases. If the disease(s) that cause illness is contagious, then such diseases can be caught, transmitted or transferred and passed on from one person to another.

PRESENTATION

• The Teacher reviews the previous lesson • The Teacher introduces the topic • The Teacher explains the lessons

Evaluative activities

• What is meaning of Sickness? • What is the meaning of illness? • How can we prevent diseases?

[mediator_tech]

1. A disease is an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal _______. a) functioning b) growth c) behavior d) nutrition 
2. Pathogens are disease-producing _______. a) animals b) plants c) agents d) organisms 
3. Sickness refers to a state when the body is not in a comfortable _______. a) position b) state c) environment d) shape 
4. Sickness is characterized by the unsoundness of the _______. a) mind b) body c) soul d) spirit 
5. Illness can be described as a state of _______ disorder, or disease. a) comfort b) balance c) harmony d) illness 
6. When a person is sick, it is advisable to see a _______. a) friend b) teacher c) doctor d) parent 
7. A doctor can help determine what is _______ with a sick person. a) right b) wrong c) healthy d) balanced 
8. Drugs recommended by a doctor should be used to _______ sickness. a) prevent b) treat c) cause d) spread 
9. Prevention of sickness involves maintaining a _______ diet. a) specific b) random c) balanced d) unhealthy 
10. To prevent sickness and diseases, one should ensure consumption of the _______ classes of food. a) three b) four c) five d) six