Sukakan – Basic 5 Hausa Lesson Note (First Term)

SUKAKAN

1. Ma’anar Jimla

Jimla ita ce rungume na kalmomi da aka haɗa su tare don bayyana ma’ana ta cikakke. Jimla dole ta kasance da ma’ana mai cikakke wacce mai karanta ko mai sauraro zai iya fahimta. Kowane jimla yana buƙatar:

• Mahallin jimla – Abin da ake magana a kai
• Abin da aka faɗi – Abin da aka ce game da mahallin
• Ma’ana mai cikakke – Abin da ake faɗi ya yi ma’ana

Misalai:

• “Yaro ya gudu” – Wannan jimla ce mai cikakke
• “Ya gudu” – Wannan ma jimla ce amma ba ta da mahallin a bayyane
• “Yaro mai” – Wannan ba jimla ba ce domin ba ta da ma’ana mai cikakke

2. Ma’anar Saukakan Jimoli

Saukakan jimoli su ne jimolin da ba su da sarƙaƙƙiya. Su ne jimolin da suka ƙunshi:

• Mahalli ɗaya kawai
• Aikin ɗaya kawai
• Ba su da haɗin kai da wasu jimoli
• Suna da ma’ana mai cikakke da kansu

Halayan Saukakan Jimoli:

• Sauƙi – Suna da sauƙin fahimta
• Gajere – Ba su da tsawo sosai
• Bayyananne – Ma’anarsu ta bayyana
• Cikakku – Suna da dukkan abubuwan da jimla take buƙata

Misalai na Saukakan Jimoli:

• “Kare ya hauƙa”
• “Ruwan sama ya sauko”
• “Yara suna wasa”
• “Uwar ta dafa abinci”
• “Makaranta ta rufe”
• “Mota ta tsaya”
• “Bishiya ta bushe”
• “Kifi ya mutu”

3. Nau’in Jimlar Bayani

Jimlar bayani ita ce jimlar da ake amfani da ita don bayyana ko faɗi wani abu. Ta fi yawan jimolin amfani kuma tana da halaye kamar haka:

Halayan Jimlar Bayani:

• Tana bayyana gaskiya ko ƙarya – Za ka iya ce gaskiya ce ko ƙarya
• Tana ƙarewa da alamar tsaya (.) – Ko da yaushe tana ƙare da full stop
• Tana da mahalli da aikin bayani – Tana da abin da ake magana a kai da abin da aka faɗi game da shi
• Ba ta tambaya ba – Ba ta nemi amsa
• Ba ta umarni ba – Ba ta ba da umarni

Misalai na Jimlar Bayani:

Misali 1: “Ya ci abinci.”

• Mahalli: Ya (shi)
• Aikin bayani: ci abinci
• Ma’ana: Wani mutum ya ci abinci
• Alamar rubutu: Full stop (.)

Misali 2: “Ba ta sha ruwa ba.”

• Mahalli: Ta (ita)
• Aikin bayani: ba ta sha ruwa ba (hantsi)
• Ma’ana: Wata mace ba ta sha ruwa ba
• Alamar rubutu: Full stop (.)

Misali 3: “Ladi tana rubuta wasiƙa.”

• Mahalli: Ladi
• Aikin bayani: tana rubuta wasiƙa
• Ma’ana: Ladi tana aikin rubuta wasiƙa a wannan lokacin
• Alamar rubutu: Full stop (.)

Ƙarin Misalai na Jimlar Bayani:

Jimoli masu Tabbatarwa:

• “Ahmad ya tafi makaranta.”
• “Kujera ta karye.”
• “Itace ya fɗo.”
• “Malam ya shigo aji.”
• “Littafin ya faɗi ƙasa.”

Jimoli masu Hantsi:

• “Ba ya son kifi ba.”
• “Ba ta iya yin wannan ba.”
• “Ba mu ga shi ba jiya.”
• “Ba za su zo ba.”
• “Ba ya da kuɗi ba.”

Jimoli masu Bayyana Hali:

• “Yaro yana jin yunwa.”
• “Macen tana jin sanyi.”
• “Gidan ya yi kyau.”
• “Abincin ya yi zaƙi.”
• “Rigar ta yi kyau.”

Ayyukan Koyi:

Aikin 1: Gano Jimlar Bayani

Ka zaɓi jimolin da suke jimlar bayani daga cikin waɗannan:

1. “Kana zuwa gobe?”
2. “Maryam ta yi wanka.”
3. “Ka kawo ruwa!”
4. “Babban gida ya dawo.”
5. “Me kika yi?”

Amsa: Jimoli na 2 da 4 ne jimolin bayani.

Aikin 2: Kammala Jimolin

Ka kammala waɗannan jimolin:

1. “Kare ya…”
2. “Ba ta…”
3. “Yara suna…”

Aikin 3: Tsara Jimoli

Ka tsara jimolin bayani ta amfani da waɗannan kalmomi:

• Aikin, ya, Audu, yi
• Ba, ruwa, ta, sha, ba
• Wasiƙa, Fatima, rubuta, tana