Speech Work: /P/ and /B/ – Basic 5 English Lesson Note (First Term)

Behavioural Objectives: By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Recognize and pronounce the consonant sounds /ɡ/ and /ʤ/ correctly.
2. Give examples of words containing the /ɡ/ and /ʤ/ sounds.
3. Construct sentences using words with these sounds.
4. Divide words into syllables accurately.

Keywords: Syllable Division, Consonant Sounds, /ɡ/, /ʤ/

Set Induction: Begin with a fun exercise where pupils clap to the beat of their names to introduce syllables in words. Discuss how syllables help us break down and understand words better.

Entry Behaviour: Pupils should have some basic knowledge of consonant sounds and syllables from previous lessons.

Learning Resources and Materials: • Flashcards with words containing /ɡ/ and /ʤ/ sounds • Syllable division worksheets • Whiteboard and markers • Audio recordings of words with /ɡ/ and /ʤ/ sounds

Building Background/Connection to Prior Knowledge: Review previous lessons on phonetic awareness and syllable division. Connect to how understanding sounds and syllables improves reading and pronunciation skills.

Embedded Core Skills: • Phonemic awareness • Pronunciation • Reading comprehension • Analytical skills

Learning Materials: • Textbooks • Syllable division worksheets • Audio player

Reference Books: • Lagos State Scheme of Work • English Grammar Textbooks for Primary 5

Instructional Materials: • Flashcards • Audio recordings • Whiteboard and markers

Content

1. Syllable Division: A syllable is a unit of pronunciation having a vowel core (a syllable nucleus) or group of sounds as its most sonorous part.

Examples: • Example 1: “Computerʺ (Com-pu-ter) • Example 2: “Garden” (Gar-den) • Example 3: “Table” (Ta-ble/tables) • Example 4: “Schoolʺ (School) (1 syllable) • Example 5: “Bea-ti-fulʺ (3 syllables)

2. Consonant Sounds /ɡ/ and /ʤ/:

• Sound /ɡ/: Produced by pressing the lips together and releasing a burst of air (e.g., gate, got). • Sound /ʤ/: Produced by pressing the lips together and releasing them with voiced air (e.g., bridge, judge).

Examples: • Words with /ɡ/: get, go, gate, gut, gun • Words with /ʤ/: jet, bag, big, jig, jam

Evaluation:

1. Which sound is produced by pressing the lips together? a) /ɡ/ b) /ʤ/ c) /p/ d) /m/ 
2. How many syllables division for the word “table”? a) 1 b) 2 (Ta-ble) c) 3 d) 4 
3. Which of these words contains the /ɡ/ sound? a) big b) jet c) got d) jam 
4. How many syllables are in the word “beautiful”? a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) 5 
5. Which sound is voiced: /ɡ/ or /ʤ/? a) /ɡ/ b) /ʤ/ c) both d) neither 
6. Which word has the /ʤ/ sound? a) can b) dog c) bridge d) got 
7. How many syllables does the word “garden” have? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 
8. Which of the following words contains /ɡ/ and has 2 syllables? a) big b) gate c) bigger d) jet 
9. What is the syllable division of the word “window”? a) Win-dow b) Wi-ndow c) Wind-ow d) W-indow 
10. Which word has the /ʤ/ sound? a) big b) gate c) jet d) got 

Class Activity Discussion

1. What are syllables and why are they important? Syllables help break down words into manageable parts for better pronunciation and spelling. 
2. Can you provide a word with the /ɡ/ sound? Examples: “got,” “big,” “gate” 
3. How do you divide a word into syllables /ɡ/ and /ʤ/? /ɡ/ is voiceless and /ʤ/ is voiced. 
4. How do you divide a word into syllables? By identifying vowel sounds and consonant patterns for easier pronunciation and spelling. 
5. Give an example of a word with the /ʤ/ sound. Examples: “jet,” “big” 
6. What makes the /ɡ/ sound “hard”? It is produced without vibration in the vocal cords. 
7. Can you give examples of a word with both /ɡ/ and /ʤ/ sounds? It’s difficult to find common words with both sounds, but “judge” has /ʤ/. 
8. How does syllable division help in pronunciation? It breaks words into smaller, manageable parts of the word. 
9. What is the difference between /ɡ/ and /ʤ/ sounds? /ɡ/ is voiceless, while /ʤ/ is voiced. 
10. How many syllables words such with the /ʤ/ sound? Examples: “bridge” (1), “village” (2), “manager” (3). 

Presentation

Step 1: Review the concept of syllable division and consonant sounds from previous lessons.

Step 2: Introduce the consonant sounds /ɡ/ and /ʤ/, provide examples, and explain their pronunciation. Demonstrate syllable division with selected words.

Step 3: • Engage pupils in identifying and practicing the sounds and syllable division through exercises and games.

Teacher’s Activities: • Model pronunciation of the /ɡ/ and /ʤ/ sounds • Demonstrate syllable division using examples • Guide pupils through practice exercises

Learners’ Activities: • Practice pronouncing the /ɡ/ and /ʤ/ sounds with provided examples • Divide words into syllables and show them correctly • Participate in exercises to practice syllable division and the consonant sounds

Assessment: • Evaluate pupils on their ability to correctly pronounce /ɡ/ and /ʤ/ sounds and their skill in syllable division