Production of Pattern JSS2 Cultural & Creative Arts (CCA) Lesson Note

Production of Pattern 

Subject: Creative Arts (Cultural and Creative Arts)

Class: JSS2

Duration: 40 minutes

LESSON OBJECTIVES

By the end of this lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Explain what a pattern is in simple terms
2. Identify patterns in their everyday environment
3. Describe three types of patterns
4. Create their own patterns using simple repeat, diamond repeat, and mirror repeat
5. Recognize the difference between the three types of patterns

MATERIALS NEEDED

• Plain white paper (A4 size)
• Coloured pencils, crayons, or markers
• Rulers and pencils
• Sample fabrics with patterns (ankara, lace, etc.)
• Pictures showing different patterns
• Grid paper (optional)
• Objects with patterns (cloth, basket, mat, decorated calabash)

PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE

Pupils can draw basic shapes like circles, squares, triangles, and rectangles. They have used colours in previous art lessons.

LESSON CONTENT

INTRODUCTION (5 minutes)

The teacher comes to class wearing a cloth with a beautiful repeated design – maybe ankara or any patterned fabric. The teacher asks: “What do you notice about my cloth? Do you see how the same design appears again and again?”

The teacher then shows pupils a plain cloth and the patterned cloth side by side. Pupils observe that one is more interesting to look at because of the repeated designs.

The teacher brings out other items – a basket with woven patterns, a decorated calabash, or pictures of tiled floors. The teacher asks pupils to look around the classroom and mention things that have patterns. Pupils might point to the tiles on the floor, someone’s dress, a decorated notebook cover, or curtains on the window.

STEP 1: Meaning of Pattern (7 minutes)

The teacher writes PATTERN on the board in large letters.

What is a pattern?

A pattern is a design that repeats itself over and over again in a particular order or arrangement.

The teacher explains this in simpler words:

• When you see the same thing appearing many times in a row, that is a pattern
• Patterns follow rules – they don’t just appear randomly
• Patterns make things look organized and beautiful

Examples of patterns in everyday life:

The teacher discusses with pupils where they see patterns:

1. In our homes: Floor tiles (same design repeated), bed sheets, curtains, tablecloths, wall paint designs
2. In our clothes: Ankara fabric, lace material, stripes on shirts, checks on skirts
3. In nature: Stripes on a zebra, spots on a leopard, scales on fish, petals on flowers arranged in circles
4. In buildings: Bricks arranged in walls, windows in tall buildings, roof patterns
5. In traditional crafts: Woven baskets, decorated calabashes, beaded necklaces, carved wooden doors

The teacher asks: “Why do people use patterns?”

After getting responses, the teacher explains:

• Patterns make things beautiful and attractive
• They show skill and planning
• They are part of our culture and tradition
• They make plain surfaces more interesting

STEP 2: Types of Patterns (20 minutes)

The teacher tells pupils they will learn about three main types of patterns today. Each one has its own special way of repeating.

TYPE 1: SIMPLE REPEAT PATTERN

The teacher draws on the board: ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★

What is simple repeat?

Simple repeat pattern is when the same shape or design appears over and over again in a straight line, one after the other.

It is the easiest type of pattern. You just draw one thing, then draw it again, then again, then again – all in the same direction.

Examples of simple repeat:

The teacher draws several examples on the board:

1. Circle, circle, circle, circle → ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
2. Square, square, square → □ □ □ □ □
3. Flower, flower, flower → ✿ ✿ ✿ ✿ ✿
4. Heart, heart, heart → ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥

The teacher explains that simple repeat can also use two shapes alternating:

• Circle, triangle, circle, triangle → ○ △ ○ △ ○ △
• Star, square, star, square → ★ □ ★ □ ★ □

The teacher shows real examples:

• Beads on a necklace arranged as red, red, red, red
• Border designs on notebooks
• Fence patterns where the same design repeats
• Brick walls where bricks are arranged the same way

Practice activity for simple repeat: The teacher asks pupils to draw in the air with their fingers: “Draw a circle, now another circle, now another one.” This helps them understand the movement of simple repeat.

TYPE 2: DIAMOND REPEAT PATTERN

The teacher draws a diamond shape on the board: ◊

Then draws multiple diamonds arranged to form a larger pattern where diamonds connect at their corners, creating a mesh-like design.

What is diamond repeat?

Diamond repeat pattern is when diamond shapes are arranged and repeated in a way that they connect with each other, forming a net-like or chain-link fence appearance.

The teacher explains that this pattern is called “diamond repeat” because:

• It uses diamond shapes (a square standing on its corner)
• The diamonds touch each other at their points
• When you look at it from far away, it looks like a net or fence made of connected diamonds

Where do we see diamond patterns?

The teacher shows or describes examples:

1. Chain-link fences (the metal fences around some schools or houses)
2. Net fabrics used for making dresses
3. Some traditional weaving patterns
4. Decorative grills on windows
5. Some ankara and lace designs
6. Basketball nets
7. Fish nets

How to create diamond repeat:

The teacher demonstrates on the board step by step:

1. Draw one diamond shape
2. Draw another diamond touching it at the side point
3. Draw more diamonds below, each touching the one above at its top point
4. Continue until you fill the space
5. The result looks like connected chains going up and down and side to side

The teacher points out that in diamond repeat, the pattern goes in two directions – across (horizontal) and up and down (vertical). This makes it different from simple repeat which usually goes in just one direction.

TYPE 3: MIRROR REPEAT PATTERN

The teacher asks: “What happens when you stand in front of a mirror?” Pupils answer that they see themselves. The teacher explains: “Yes, and whatever side you raise your right hand, the mirror shows it on the opposite side.”

What is mirror repeat?

Mirror repeat pattern is when a design is repeated as if it is reflected in a mirror. One side is exactly like the other side, but facing the opposite direction.

The teacher draws on the board:

• A heart facing right: ♥
• Then draws the same heart facing left: ♥
• Together they look like: ♥♥ (facing each other)

Understanding mirror repeat:

The teacher folds a paper in half and draws half a butterfly on one side while the paper is folded. When the teacher opens it and traces the other half, pupils see that both sides match perfectly – like mirror images.

The teacher explains:

• In mirror repeat, the left side and right side are the same
• But they face opposite directions (like looking at each other)
• It creates balance and symmetry
• Many things in nature use mirror patterns

Examples of mirror repeat in real life:

1. In nature:
   1. Butterfly wings (left and right are mirror images)
   2. Human face (left side mirrors right side)
   3. Leaves on some plants
   4. Animal bodies (left and right sides)
2. In designs:
   1. Traditional Nigerian carved doors (design on left mirrors the right)
   2. Building fronts (windows on left side match right side)
   3. Decorated gates
   4. Some fabric designs
   5. Greeting card designs
   6. Decorative wall hangings
3. In cultural items:
   1. Calabash decorations
   2. Some beadwork designs
   3. Traditional pottery patterns
   4. Carved wooden masks

How to create mirror repeat:

The teacher demonstrates:

1. Fold your paper in half
2. Draw a design on one side
3. While the paper is still folded, cut along your design (if using scissors)
4. Open the paper – you have a perfect mirror pattern!

Or without folding:

1. Draw an imaginary line down the middle of your paper
2. Draw a shape on the left side
3. Draw the exact same shape on the right side, but facing the opposite way
4. Make sure both sides match perfectly

COMPARING THE THREE TYPES

The teacher creates a simple comparison on the board:

Simple Repeat: Same thing, same direction, over and over Example: → → → → →

Diamond Repeat: Diamonds connecting at corners, going up-down and side-side Example: Net-like pattern ◊◊◊◊

Mirror Repeat: Same design on both sides, but facing opposite ways Example: ← | →

EVALUATION (5 minutes)

The teacher asks questions:

1. What is a pattern?
2. Look at this design on the board (teacher draws: ○ ○ ○ ○). What type of pattern is this?
3. If I draw a flower on the left side of the paper and the same flower facing the opposite way on the right side, what type of pattern am I making?
4. Where have you seen diamond patterns in your community?
5. Name one thing in nature that has a mirror pattern.

The teacher calls on different pupils to answer. Some questions can be answered by showing with hands or pointing to examples in the classroom.

CONCLUSION

The teacher summarizes: “Today we learned that patterns are designs that repeat in organized ways. We learned three types: simple repeat (same thing over and over), diamond repeat (connected diamonds like a net), and mirror repeat (one side reflects the other like in a mirror).”

The teacher tells pupils that in the next lesson, they will do practical work creating their own patterns. The teacher encourages them to start noticing patterns everywhere they go – in their homes, on the way to school, at the market.

The teacher reminds pupils that patterns are an important part of Nigerian culture. Our ancestors used patterns in cloth weaving, pottery, and building decoration long before we were born.