Preservation of Roots and Tubers Crops – Basic 6 Agricultural Science Lesson Note (First Term)

Learning Objectives: By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

• Identify tuber crops
• Describe how to preserve tuber crops
• Cultivate tuber crops

Lesson Content:

What are Roots and Tuber Crops? These are crops that grow underground and store food in their roots or stems.

Examples of Roots and Tuber Crops:

• Cassava
• Yam

• Irish potato

• Sweet potato

• Cocoyam

• Carrot

Methods of Preserving Root and Tuber Crops:

1. Proper Harvesting

• Harvest when mature
• Handle carefully to avoid damage
• Clean off soil gently

2. Curing/Drying

• Leave harvested tubers in shade for few days
• This helps heal small wounds

3. Proper Storage

• Store in cool, dry, dark places
• Use baskets or create storage barns
• Ensure good air circulation

4. Processing

• Make cassava into garri or flour
• Slice and dry sweet potatoes
• Make yam into yam flour

5. Underground Storage

• Keep yams in underground pits
• Line pits with dry grass or leaves

Special Care for Different Tubers:

• Yam: Store in cool, dry barns with good air flow
• Cassava: Process quickly as it spoils fast
• Irish potato: Store in dark places to prevent sprouting
• Sweet potato: Cure in sun for few days before storage

HOMEWORK:

1. Name 5 root and tuber crops
2. Describe how to store yam properly
3. Why should cassava be processed quickly after harvesting?