Resources From Living Things JSS3 Basic Science Lesson Note

The source of resources from living things comes from plants and animals. The resources from plant sources include cash crops, food crops, dyes, and drugs, while resources from animals include hide, skin, and dairy products. Plant resources are grown in gardens and farms for food, commercial purposes, and aesthetic values. Resources from plants are grouped into four major groups; cash crops, food crops, dye/textile, and drug/medicinal crops.

Cash crops– are crops grown mainly for money making. They are produced in large quantities for use within the country and for export. Cash crops include wood crops such as iroko, mahogany, and ebony; Fibre crops e.g. cotton; oil crops e.g. groundnut, palm oil, other  crops include  rice, sugar cane, tobacco e.t.c

These crops also provide foreign exchange for the country.

Food Crops– These are plant resources that serve as a source of food. These are vegetable e.g.pumpkin, lettuce, and bitter leaves; root tubers e.g. yam and cassava; Fruits e.g. guava, mango, and orange; Legumes e.g., melon; Grains e.g. rice, maize, millet; Underground crops e.g.carrot, onion; oil plant e.g.groundnut, palm oil, olive; Food crops provides mainly vitamins, carbohydrate, protein, oil and other nutrients which the body needs for growth and development.

-Dyes/textile– dyes are liquid substances of plant extracts that are used to change the colour of clothing materials, hair, and houses.

They are extracted naturally from flowers and leaves of plants. Crops for textiles are used for making clothes by textile industries. Textile crops are cotton while fiber plants, flax guinea-hemp, sisal, and jute are used in rope production. The leaves and fronds of palm trees provide materials for making hats, bags, and baskets.

Drug/Medicinal crop—Drugs are chemical substances of plant extract used as medicine to prevent or cure various health problems and diseases. Drugs are capable of altering behaviours when they are abused. Drugs are resources from the stems, roots, and leaves of plants. For example Cinchoma species, garlic species e.t.c

Resources from animals

Animal resources are very important for human beings since they provide food for growth and development such resources include hide, milk, feathers, and flesh of livestock.

Hide/ skin= Hide and skin are derived from the skin of large animals such as camels, buffalo, cattle e.t.c. Hide can be sold, bought, or used in leather industries for the production of shoes, bags, purses, belts, and garments. The skin of small animals such as goats and rabbits is edible.

Livestock—are mainly birds and mammals that are reared by farmers either for consumption or for money making. For example, such animals are goats, sheep, cows, pigs, and poultry birds.

1. These animals provide meat, milk,e.t.c.
2. The feathers of poultry birds e.g. chickens, and turkeys are used for decoration.
3. The droppings from livestock are used as manure in farms and gardens.
4. The feathers can  be used to make pillowcases

A dairy is a place on a farm where milk is kept. Dairy is obtained from animal resources such as cows, horses camels e.t.c.Milk is rich in protein and is a major ingredient in the production of cheese, butter, and yogurt for human consumption and export.

ASSIGNMENT

1. Which of the following is not a livestock?  A. goat  B.lion  C.Sheep D.pig
2. The major animal resources used in the leather industries are   A.hide and skin  B. skin and legs  C. hide and mat  D. camel and skin
3. Dairy products are major ingredients for the production of  A.yam, cotton and butter  B.cassava, timber and cheese  C. yogurt, butter and rice   D.butter, cheese, and yogurt
4. Which of the following is not a product of living things?  A. beans   B.stone   C.melon  D.meat
5. Which of the following is not a cash crop?  A.  iroko tree  B.mahogany  C.vegetables  D.oil palm

6a..State three uses for animals

b.State four major groups of plant resources

7. Check your textbook for more questions.