Fractions (3/4) – Basic 2 Mathematics Lesson Note (First Term)

Learning Objectives

By the end of this week, pupils should be able to:

• Count and identify numbers from 1-390
• Write numbers 370-390 and 1-390 in numerals and words
• Understand what 3/4 (three-quarters) means
• Divide objects into four equal parts to obtain quarters
• Find 3/4 of concrete objects and collections
• Differentiate between 1/4, 2/4, and 3/4

Lesson Content

Day 1: Counting to 390

New Number Range:

• Practice counting from 1-390
• Focus on numbers 370-390: 370, 371, 372… 390
• Learn to read and write these numbers clearly
• Practice both ascending and descending order

Day 2-3: Understanding Three-Quarters (3/4)

What is 3/4?

• When we divide something into 4 equal parts, each part is 1/4
• If we take 3 of those parts, we have 3/4 (three-quarters)
• 3/4 is more than 1/2 but less than the whole thing

Building Up to 3/4:

• 1/4 = one part out of four

• 2/4 = two parts out of four (same as 1/2!)

• 3/4 = three parts out of four

• 4/4 = four parts out of four (the whole thing!)

Day 3-4: Finding 3/4 of Objects

How to Find 3/4:

1. First, divide the total into 4 equal groups (find 1/4)
2. Then, take 3 of those groups

Step-by-Step Example with 8 boxes:

• Step 1: Divide 8 boxes into 4 equal groups = 2 boxes in each group
• Step 2: 1/4 of 8 boxes = 2 boxes
• Step 3: 3/4 of 8 boxes = 3 × 2 = 6 boxes

Day 5: Practice and Application

More Examples:

• 3/4 of 12 sweets = 9 sweets (because 1/4 = 3, so 3/4 = 9)
• 3/4 of 16 pencils = 12 pencils (because 1/4 = 4, so 3/4 = 12)
• 3/4 of 20 marbles = 15 marbles (because 1/4 = 5, so 3/4 = 15)

Examples in Class

Visual Examples:

Pizza Example: “Imagine a pizza cut into 4 equal slices:

• 1/4 = 1 slice
• 2/4 = 2 slices (same as 1/2)
• 3/4 = 3 slices
• 4/4 = all 4 slices (the whole pizza)”

Chocolate Bar Example: “A chocolate bar has 8 squares. Let’s find 3/4:

• Divide into 4 groups: 2 squares per group
• 1/4 = 2 squares
• 3/4 = 6 squares”

Real-Life Examples:

Classroom Supplies: “We have 16 crayons. The teacher uses 3/4 of them:

• 1/4 of 16 = 4 crayons
• 3/4 of 16 = 12 crayons used”

Fruit Sharing: “Mom bought 12 apples. The family ate 3/4 of them:

• 1/4 of 12 = 3 apples
• 3/4 of 12 = 9 apples eaten”

Exercises

Exercise 1: Number Practice

Write these numbers:

1. Three hundred and seventy-five = ___
2. Three hundred and eighty-nine = ___
3. 378 in words = ___
4. 385 in words = ___

Exercise 2: Understanding 3/4

1. Draw a rectangle and divide it into 4 equal parts. Color 3/4.
2. If a cake is cut into 4 pieces and you eat 3 pieces, what fraction did you eat? ___
3. Which is bigger: 1/4 or 3/4? ___
4. Which is bigger: 1/2 or 3/4? ___

Exercise 3: Finding 3/4

Find three-quarters of these:

1. 3/4 of 8 boxes = ___ boxes
2. 3/4 of 12 oranges = ___ oranges
3. 3/4 of 16 sweets = ___ sweets
4. 3/4 of 20 pencils = ___ pencils
5. 3/4 of 8 toys = ___ toys

Exercise 4: Step-by-Step Practice

For each problem, find 1/4 first, then find 3/4:

1. 12 marbles: 
   1. 1/4 of 12 = ___ marbles
   2. 3/4 of 12 = ___ marbles
2. 16 books: 
   1. 1/4 of 16 = ___ books
   2. 3/4 of 16 = ___ books

Exercise 5: Comparing Fractions

Circle the bigger fraction:

1. 1/4 or 3/4
2. 1/2 or 3/4
3. 2/4 or 3/4
4. 3/4 or 4/4

Exercise 6: Word Problems

1. A bag contains 16 balls. If 3/4 of the balls are red, how many red balls are there? 
2. There are 20 children in a class. 3/4 of them like ice cream. How many children like ice cream? 
3. A farmer has 12 chickens. If 3/4 of them are brown, how many brown chickens does he have? 
4. Mary has 8 stickers. She gives away 3/4 of them to her friends. How many stickers does she give away? 

Fun Activities

• Fraction Plates: Use paper plates divided into quarters, color different amounts
• 3/4 Game: Use blocks or counters to physically show 3/4 of different amounts
• Fraction Stories: Create stories about sharing 3/4 of different items

Homework

• Practice finding 3/4 of different numbers at home
• Help parents measure 3/4 of ingredients while cooking
• Find examples of 3/4 in daily life (like 3/4 full glass of water)

Assessment

• Can the child count to 390 accurately?
• Do they understand what 3/4 means?
• Can they find 3/4 of given collections correctly?
• Can they compare 3/4 with other fractions?
• Can they solve real-life problems involving 3/4?