Artificial Intelligence – SS2 Digital Technologies Lesson Note (Second Term)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a computer system that has been trained to “mimic” human intelligence. It does not think the way people do. It is very good at finding patterns in data. AI is used in education, health, business and security, where it works as a tutor, an assistant, a manager and a guard.

Behavioural objectives

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

• explain what Artificial Intelligence is;
• describe how AI is used in education, health and business;
• give a real-life example of AI at work in education, health, business and security;
• explain why AI is a tool and does not replace people.

What is AI?

We often think of AI as robots with glowing eyes from movies, but AI is much simpler. Artificial Intelligence is a computer system that has been trained to “mimic” human intelligence.

If a computer can look at a photo and say, “That is a cat,” or translate a sentence from English to Yoruba, it is using AI. It is not “thinking” the way we do. It is very good at finding patterns in data.

How is AI used in education?

In a classroom of 50 students, it is hard for a teacher to focus on everyone at once. AI acts like a “Personal Assistant” for both students and teachers.

• Personalised learning: AI apps (like Duolingo or Khan Academy) notice which topics you find difficult. If you keep failing “Algebra,” the AI will give you easier problems until you get better. It is like having a tutor that never gets tired.
• Automated grading: AI can help teachers grade multiple-choice tests instantly, giving them more time to teach and help students.
• Smart content: AI can turn a long textbook chapter into a short summary or create practice flashcards for you automatically.
• 24/7 help: If you are studying at 2:00 AM and get stuck, AI “chatbots” can answer your questions immediately.

How is AI used in health?

In many parts of the world, there are not enough doctors. AI helps to fill the gap by spotting illnesses faster than the human eye can.

• Looking at X-rays: AI can look at thousands of X-rays or MRI scans and spot tiny signs of cancer or pneumonia that a tired doctor might miss.
• Predicting outbreaks: By looking at what people are searching for on Google (like “symptoms of malaria”), AI can predict if a sickness is spreading in a specific city before the hospitals even realise it.
• Developing new medicines: It usually takes 10 years to invent a new medicine. AI can “test” millions of chemical combinations in a computer to see which ones work, making new medicines available in months instead of years.
• Virtual health assistants: These are apps that ask you questions like “Do you have a fever?” and “Are you coughing?” to give you advice on whether you should go to the hospital or just rest.

How is AI used in business?

Every time you use an app or buy something online, AI is working behind the scenes to make the business run smoothly.

• Customer service: Have you noticed the “Chat with us” bubbles on websites? These are often AI bots. They can handle thousands of customers at once without getting angry or taking a break.
• Product recommendations: If you buy a pair of shoes on Jumia, the AI says, “People who bought these also liked these socks.” This helps businesses sell more products.
• Logistics and delivery: Companies like DHL use AI to find the shortest, fastest route for their delivery vans to save fuel and time.
• Fraud detection: Banks use AI to watch your spending. If your card is suddenly used to buy a diamond ring in London while you are in your classroom, the AI “freezes” the transaction to save your money.

How does AI work in different sectors?

Will AI replace people?

Many students ask this question. AI is a tool that people use, so it does not replace them.

• A hammer cannot build a house by itself; it needs a carpenter.
• AI can analyse a medical scan, but it cannot hold a patient’s hand and give them comfort.
• AI can grade a test, but it cannot inspire a student to follow their dreams.

Our job in SS2 is to learn how to use these tools so we can be more productive in whatever career we choose.

Evaluation

1. What is Artificial Intelligence?
2. Give two ways AI is used in health and two ways it is used in business.
3. Think of a subject you find very difficult. How could an AI app help you understand it better?
4. Can an AI “doctor” ever replace a human doctor? Why or why not?

Assignment

Activity: Open a shopping or social media app on your phone. Can you find three places where AI is trying to “suggest” something to you?