Shape Construction With Paper(I) And Safety At Home And School Basic 4 Basic Science Lesson Note

TOPIC: SHAPE CONSTRUCTION WITH PAPER (I)

LEARNING AREA

1. Concept of Shape Construction
2. Materials for Shape Construction
3. Construction of Shapes Using Paper

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

By the end of this lesson, pupils should be able to:

• Know what shape construction means.
• Name materials used for making shapes.
• Make simple shapes using paper.

TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS

• Different types of paper

• Scissors (child-safe)

• Glue stick

• Ruler

• Pencil
• Examples of shapes made from different materials

TEACHING AND LEARNING METHOD

• Simple demonstration
• Hands-on practice
• Step-by-step guidance

REFERENCE MATERIALS

• Primary Art and Craft Textbook

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR/ PREVIOUS LESSON

Students can identify basic shapes like circle, square, triangle.

WORD FILE

Shape, construction, paper, materials, fold, cut, glue.

CONTENT

LESSON 1 – CONCEPT OF SHAPE CONSTRUCTION

WHAT IS SHAPE CONSTRUCTION?

Shape construction means making or building different shapes using materials like paper, wood, or metal.

WHAT WE CAN MAKE:

• Flat shapes – circle, square, triangle, rectangle
• 3D shapes – box, pyramid, cylinder, cone
• Fun shapes – flowers, animals, houses
• Useful shapes – containers, decorations

WHY WE CONSTRUCT SHAPES:

• To learn about different shapes
• To make useful things
• To create beautiful decorations
• To practice using our hands
• To have fun and be creative

WAYS TO MAKE SHAPES:

• Cutting – using scissors to cut shapes
• Folding – bending paper to make shapes
• Gluing – joining pieces together
• Drawing – making shape outlines first

LESSON 2 – MATERIALS FOR SHAPE CONSTRUCTION

DIFFERENT MATERIALS WE CAN USE:

PAPER:

• Easy to use – good for beginners
• Safe – won’t hurt children
• Cheap – doesn’t cost much money
• Colorful – comes in many colors
• Examples: construction paper, cardboard, newspaper

METAL:

• Strong – lasts a long time
• Hard to cut – needs special tools
• Used by adults – not safe for children alone
• Examples: aluminum sheets, wire, tin cans

WOOD:

• Very strong – doesn’t break easily
• Needs tools – saw, hammer, nails
• Used by carpenters – skilled workers
• Examples: wooden blocks, sticks, planks

FOR PRIMARY 4 STUDENTS:

• Best material: Paper (safest and easiest)
• Can try: Cardboard (with help)
• Avoid: Metal and wood (need adult help)

TOOLS WE NEED:

• Scissors – for cutting (child-safe)
• Glue stick – for sticking pieces
• Ruler – for measuring
• Pencil – for drawing lines
• Eraser – for fixing mistakes

LESSON 3 – CONSTRUCTION OF SHAPES USING PAPER

SIMPLE PAPER SHAPES TO MAKE:

MAKING A SQUARE:

1. Take square paper
2. Draw lines with ruler if needed
3. Cut along lines with scissors
4. Check all sides are equal

MAKING A TRIANGLE:

1. Start with square paper
2. Fold diagonally corner to corner
3. Cut along fold line
4. Open to see triangle

MAKING A CIRCLE:

1. Draw circle using compass or trace round object
2. Cut carefully along the line
3. Make edge smooth

MAKING A PAPER BOX (3D SHAPE):

1. Take rectangular paper
2. Fold into box shape
3. Glue edges together
4. Let dry before using

MAKING A PAPER CONE:

1. Cut circle from paper
2. Cut line from edge to center
3. Overlap edges to make cone
4. Glue edges together

MAKING A PAPER CYLINDER:

1. Take rectangular paper
2. Roll into tube shape
3. Glue edge to other side
4. Add circle base if needed

PAPER FOLDING SHAPES:

SIMPLE ORIGAMI:

• Paper airplane – fold and fly
• Paper boat – float in water
• Paper hat – wear on head
• Paper flower – decoration

STEPS FOR SUCCESS:

1. Start simple – don’t try hard shapes first
2. Follow steps – do one step at a time
3. Be patient – take your time
4. Ask for help – when you need it
5. Practice – try many times

SAFETY RULES:

• Use child scissors – not sharp adult ones
• Cut away from body – don’t cut toward yourself
• Keep workspace clean – put away tools when done
• Ask for help – with difficult cutting

DECORATING YOUR SHAPES:

• Color with crayons or markers
• Add patterns with different colors
• Glue on decorations like stickers
• Make it personal with your own design

PRESENTATION

1. Teacher shows examples of shapes made from paper, metal, and wood
2. Teacher demonstrates cutting a simple square from paper
3. Teacher shows how to fold paper into triangle
4. Teacher guides students through making paper cone step by step

STUDENT ACTIVITIES

Students practice:

• Cutting simple shapes (square, triangle, circle)
• Folding paper to make basic shapes
• Using glue to join paper pieces
• Making simple 3D shapes like cone or cylinder

EVALUATIVE ACTIVITIES

• Explain what shape construction means
• Name three materials for making shapes
• Cut a square from paper correctly
• Make a simple paper cone

WORKBOOK

WEEKLY ASSESSMENT (TEST)

1. Shape construction means _______ shapes using materials. A. Breaking B. Making
2. _______ is the safest material for children to use. A. Metal B. Paper
3. We use _______ to cut paper shapes. A. Scissors B. Hammer
4. A _______ has three sides. A. Square B. Triangle
5. _______ is used to stick paper pieces together. A. Water B. Glue

TOPIC: SAFETY AT HOME AND SCHOOL

LEARNING AREA

1. Safety at Home
2. Safety at School
3. Safety Going to and from School

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

By the end of this lesson, pupils should be able to:

• Know safety rules at home.
• Follow safety rules at school.
• Stay safe traveling to and from school.

TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS

• Pictures of safe and unsafe situations
• Safety signs
• First aid kit
• Examples of dangerous objects

TEACHING AND LEARNING METHOD

• Simple explanation
• Discussion
• Role play

REFERENCE MATERIALS

• Primary Health Education Textbook

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR/ PREVIOUS LESSON

Students know about keeping clean and healthy.

WORD FILE

Safety, danger, careful, protect, emergency, help.

CONTENT

LESSON 1 – SAFETY AT HOME

IMPORTANT HOME SAFETY RULES:

IN THE KITCHEN:

• Don’t touch hot stove or oven
• Stay away from sharp knives
• Don’t play near fire
• Wash hands before eating
• Ask adult to help with cooking

IN THE BATHROOM:

• Don’t slip on wet floor – be careful
• Don’t play with medicines – can be poison
• Tell adult if you feel dizzy
• Use towel to dry floor

WITH ELECTRICITY:

• Don’t touch electrical sockets with wet hands
• Don’t put things in electrical outlets
• Tell adult if wire is broken
• Turn off lights when leaving room

AROUND THE HOUSE:

• Don’t play with matches or lighters
• Keep toys off stairs – someone might trip
• Close doors and gates properly
• Don’t talk to strangers at the door

WHAT TO DO IN EMERGENCY:

• Call for help – shout for adult
• Know important numbers – police, fire
• Stay calm and don’t panic
• Know your home address

LESSON 2 – SAFETY AT SCHOOL

SCHOOL SAFETY RULES:

IN THE CLASSROOM:

• Sit properly on chairs
• Don’t run inside classroom
• Keep floor clean – no papers or objects
• Use scissors carefully – point away from body
• Ask teacher before using materials

IN THE PLAYGROUND:

• Play safely – no pushing or fighting
• Use equipment properly – swings, slides
• Stay in safe areas – don’t go to dangerous places
• Tell teacher if someone gets hurt
• Share equipment with friends

DURING BREAK TIME:

• Eat food safely – wash hands first
• Don’t share drinks with sick friends
• Stay in school – don’t leave without permission
• Walk, don’t run in corridors

FIRE SAFETY:

• Know fire exits – where to go in emergency
• Listen to fire alarm – leave quickly
• Follow teacher during fire drill
• Don’t go back for forgotten things

WITH STRANGERS:

• Don’t go with strangers – even if they seem nice
• Tell teacher if stranger talks to you
• Stay with classmates
• Know who to trust – teachers, security guards

LESSON 3 – SAFETY GOING TO AND FROM SCHOOL

ROAD SAFETY:

CROSSING THE ROAD:

• Look left, right, left before crossing
• Use pedestrian crossing or zebra crossing
• Hold adult’s hand when crossing
• Don’t run across the road
• Wait for green light at traffic lights

WALKING ON THE ROAD:

• Walk on sidewalk – not on the road
• Face traffic when no sidewalk
• Wear bright clothes – so drivers can see you
• Don’t play on or near roads

IN VEHICLES:

• Wear seatbelt in cars
• Sit properly – don’t stand or jump
• Keep hands inside windows
• Don’t distract driver
• Wait for vehicle to stop before getting out

USING PUBLIC TRANSPORT:

• Wait for bus to stop before getting on
• Hold handrails when bus is moving
• Have your fare ready
• Move to back to let others on
• Be polite to other passengers

STRANGER SAFETY:

• Don’t accept gifts from strangers
• Don’t get in cars with people you don’t know
• Run away if stranger tries to take you
• Scream for help if in danger
• Tell trusted adult about strange people

GROUP SAFETY:

• Walk with friends when possible
• Know safe routes to school
• Avoid shortcuts through dangerous areas
• Tell parents if you change route
• Arrive on time – don’t be late

EMERGENCY CONTACTS:

• Know parents’ phone numbers
• Know home address
• Know school phone number
• Know trusted neighbor

WHAT TO DO IF LOST:

• Stay calm – don’t panic
• Look for police officer or security guard
• Go to safe place – shop, school, church
• Ask for help from trusted adult
• Never go with strangers even if they offer help

PRESENTATION

1. Teacher shows pictures of safe and unsafe situations at home
2. Teacher demonstrates proper road crossing technique
3. Teacher role-plays stranger danger scenarios
4. Teacher shows safety signs and explains their meanings

STUDENT ACTIVITIES

Students:

• Practice road safety rules
• Role-play emergency situations
• Identify dangerous situations in pictures
• Discuss safety rules they follow at home

EVALUATIVE ACTIVITIES

• Name three home safety rules
• Show how to cross road safely
• Explain what to do if stranger approaches
• Know emergency contact information

WORKBOOK

WEEKLY ASSESSMENT (TEST)

1. At home, we should not touch the hot _______. A. Water B. Stove
2. Before crossing the road, look _______, right, left. A. Up B. Left
3. At school, we should _______ in the corridors. A. Run B. Walk
4. If a stranger offers you candy, you should _______. A. Take it B. Say no
5. In an emergency, we should stay _______ and call for help. A. Calm B. Quiet