Non Communicable Diseases JSS3 Physical & Health Education Lesson Note

TOPIC: NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

A non-communicable disease is a disease that cannot be transmitted through contact from one person to another or from animal to man.

A non-communicable disease is a medical condition that is not transmissible among people. They are diseases or illnesses that are caused by something other than a pathogen.

A non-communicable disease is a disease which is not infectious.

Such a disease may result from genetic or lifestyle factors.

Examples of non-communicable disease factors are as follows;

1. Cancer
2. Strokes
3. Sickle cells
4. Obesity
5. Snakebite
6. Marasmus
7. Rickets
8. Ulcer
9. Asthma
10. Dental caries
11. Boil
12. Injury
13. Mental disorderliness
14. Anaemia
15. Diabetics
16. Ache
17. Arthritis
18. Leukemia
19. Cardiovascular diseases
20. Wound

NATURE OF NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

1. KWASHIORKWOR: This is an early childhood malnutrition of diseases caused by severe protein deficiency. However, the availability of starchy food may cause the child not to lose weight. The following symptoms may occur

i.  Retarded growth

ii. Diarrhea

iii. Loss of appetite

iv. Liver failure

2. ANAEMIA:- Anemia is a decrease in the red blood cell’s hemoglobin content in the blood such that the blood’s ability to carry oxygen is reduced.

3. OBESITY:- An abnormal increase in the amount of body fat, mainly in the stomach, intestine, and tissues beneath the skin.

4. BOIL:- It is a skin infection of the hair gland. It is marked by pain, redness, swelling, etc. Boils are caused by staphylococci bacteria that are present on the skin.

5. RICKETS:-is a condition caused by lack of vitamins D, Calcium, and phosphorus. It is marked by abnormal body growth.

Symptoms include the following; Soft bones causing defects such as bow leg, swollen skulls, chest defects, swollen liver, heavy sweating, and general tenderness of the body when touched.

6. MARASMUS:-Is a type of severe malnutrition that mostly affects young children. It is marked by step-by-step wasting of skin tissues and muscles. It is a result of severe deficiency of nearly all food nutrients, especially carbohydrates and proteins.

ASSIGNMENT

1.     Describe the nature of any three non-communicable diseases.

 PREVENTION OF NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

1.     Good feeding habits prevent non-communicable diseases. Increase your daily intake of foods that are rich in vitamins and minerals.
2.     Avoid things that increase your chances of getting the disease. Such things include cigarettes, excess alcohol, and so on.
3.     Maintain normal body weight by engaging in regular exercises
4.     Go for regular medical check-ups
5.     Be familiar with your medical history as some non-communicable diseases are hereditary such as sickle cell.

 EVALUATION

1.     Mention four preventive measures against non-communicable diseases

ASSIGNMENT

1. Mention two  causes of non-communicable diseases