Three-Dimensional Shapes Basic 5 Mathematics Lesson Note

Behavioural Objectives

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Identify different types of three-dimensional shapes
2. State the properties (faces, edges, and vertices) of common 3-D shapes
3. Mention real-life examples of 3-D shapes
4. Draw models of 3-D shapes
5. Compare 3-D shapes based on number of faces, edges and vertices

Keywords

• Shape
• Faces
• Edges
• Vertices
• Cube
• Cuboid
• Cylinder
• Cone
• Sphere
• Pyramid

Set Induction (Starter)

“We need to always be able to show that a CONE, CUBE OR CYLINDER have FACES, EDGES and VERTICES… but what are real objects that are like these?” Show pupils various 3-D shapes and real objects.

Entry Behaviour

Pupils already know 2-D flat shapes (2) like square, triangle, and circle.

Learning Resources and Materials

• Real objects that represent 3-D shapes (dice, balls, cans, boxes)
• Flashcards
• Charts showing different 3-D shapes
• Models and charts

Building Background / Connection to Prior Knowledge

The teachers connects pupils of the shapes and explains that 3-D shapes have length, breadth, and height. They are not just flat but have volume.

Embedded Core Skills

• Observation
• Identification
• Drawing
• Analysis

Learning Materials

• Dice/cubes objects like cubes, cylinders, cones, balls
• Flashcards and charts
• Worksheets with properties of each 3-D shape

Reference Books

• New School Mathematics for Primary Schools Book 5
• Essential Basic Education Mathematics Book 6
• Lagos State Unified Scheme of Work

Instructional Materials

• Cubes (dice, Rubik)

• Boxes for cuboids

• Cylinders (cans)

• Ice cream cones
• Footballs (spheres/paper models)

Content Development

Definition of 3-D Shapes

Three-dimensional shapes are objects that have length, breadth (width), and height (including volume), and height. They are not just flat but can hold or have a volume.

Examples of 3-D Shapes and Their Properties

Presentation Steps

Step 1: Revision

Quickly review 2-D shapes that pupils are already familiar with as done in 2-D (circle, square, and triangle).

Step 2: Introduction of 3-D Shapes

Explain shapes as 3-D by using real objects. Show pupils cans, boxes, cones, balls, dice, eggs, footballs (tins, balls, cans).

Step 3: Pupils’ Participation

Show pupils different shapes and ask them to name each shape. Teacher shows and labels each shape on pupils’ participation.

Step 4: Explanation of Properties

Explain pupils faces, edges, and vertices in shapes diagrams. Pupils count and state properties.

Step 5: Drawing Practice

Pupils learn basic techniques for drawing 3-D shapes, either alone and organised.

Teacher’s Activities

• Explains the meaning and features of 3-D shapes
• Uses real objects to demonstrate each shape
• Also guides activities and draws drawing practice

Learners’ Activities

• Participate by identifying 3-D shapes
• Count and describe faces, edges and vertices
• Participate in drawing exercise
• Draw models of 3-D shapes

Class Activity Discussion (10 FAQs and Answers)

1. What does 3-D mean? 
   1. 3-D means three-dimensional
2. Is a ball a 3-D shape? 
   1. Yes, it is a sphere
3. How many faces does a cube have? 
   1. A cube has 6 faces
4. What is a face? 
   1. A face is a flat surface
5. Name before three shapes: 
   1. Cube, sphere, cylinder
6. What is the difference between a cube and a cuboid? 
   1. A cube has all equal sides while a cuboid has different lengths
7. What is a vertex? 
   1. A vertex is a corner where edges meet
8. How many edges does a cube have? 
   1. A cube has 12 edges
9. Can you give examples of a pyramid? 
   1. Egyptian pyramids, tent tops
10. Does a sphere have any edges? 
    1. No, a sphere has no edges