Food/Nutrition Basic 4 Physical & Health Education Lesson Note

LEARNING AREA

1. Meaning of Nutrition
2. Importance of Nutrition
3. Nutritional Deficiency Diseases

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

By the end of this lesson, pupils should be able to:

• Know what nutrition means.
• Understand why good nutrition is important.
• Know about diseases caused by poor nutrition.

TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS

• Pictures of healthy and unhealthy children

• Food samples
• Charts showing nutrition diseases

TEACHING AND LEARNING METHOD

• Simple explanation
• Picture demonstration

REFERENCE MATERIALS

• Primary Health Education Textbook

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR/ PREVIOUS LESSON

Students know different types of food.

WORD FILE

Nutrition, healthy, food, disease, vitamins, protein.

CONTENT

LESSON 1 – MEANING OF NUTRITION

WHAT IS NUTRITION?

Nutrition means eating the right foods to keep our body healthy and strong.

GOOD NUTRITION MEANS:

• Eating different types of food
• Getting vitamins and minerals
• Having enough protein
• Drinking clean water
• Not eating too much junk food

FOODS FOR GOOD NUTRITION:

• Fruits – oranges, apples, bananas
• Vegetables – carrots, spinach, tomatoes
• Protein foods – meat, fish, beans, eggs
• Grains – rice, bread, yam
• Dairy – milk, cheese

LESSON 2 – IMPORTANCE OF NUTRITION

WHY GOOD NUTRITION IS IMPORTANT:

FOR GROWTH:

• Helps children grow tall
• Makes bones strong
• Builds muscles
• Helps brain develop

FOR HEALTH:

• Keeps us from getting sick
• Gives us energy to play
• Helps cuts heal quickly
• Makes us feel happy

FOR LEARNING:

• Helps us think clearly
• Gives energy for school
• Improves memory
• Helps us concentrate

SIGNS OF GOOD NUTRITION:

• Bright, clear eyes
• Healthy skin
• Strong teeth
• Good energy
• Happy mood

LESSON 3 – NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY DISEASES

WHAT ARE DEFICIENCY DISEASES?

Diseases that happen when we don’t eat enough good food or miss important nutrients.

KWASHIORKOR:

WHAT IT IS:

• Disease from not eating enough protein
• Makes stomach big and swollen
• Hair becomes thin and changes color
• Skin gets sores and patches

WHAT CAUSES IT:

• Not eating meat, fish, beans, or eggs
• Eating only starchy foods
• Not having balanced meals

HOW TO PREVENT:

• Eat protein foods daily
• Include beans, meat, or fish in meals
• Drink milk if available

RICKETS:

WHAT IT IS:

• Disease that makes bones soft and weak
• Legs become bent or curved
• Children don’t grow properly
• Teeth problems

WHAT CAUSES IT:

• Not enough Vitamin D
• Not enough calcium
• Not getting enough sunlight
• Poor diet

HOW TO PREVENT:

• Drink milk and eat dairy foods
• Play in sunlight (but not too much)
• Eat fish and eggs
• Take vitamin supplements if doctor says

PELLAGRA:

WHAT IT IS:

• Disease from lack of Vitamin B
• Causes skin problems
• Makes people tired and weak
• Can cause mental problems

WHAT CAUSES IT:

• Not eating enough varied foods
• Too much of same food (like only corn)
• Not enough vitamins in diet

HOW TO PREVENT:

• Eat variety of foods
• Include meat, vegetables, fruits
• Don’t eat only one type of food
• Eat fresh foods when possible

HOW TO STAY HEALTHY:

• Eat different types of food every day
• Don’t skip meals
• Drink clean water
• Exercise and play
• Get enough sleep
• Visit doctor when sick

PRESENTATION

1. Teacher shows pictures of healthy and unhealthy children
2. Teacher explains what good nutrition means
3. Teacher shows food samples for good nutrition
4. Teacher describes deficiency diseases with pictures
5. Teacher explains how to prevent these diseases

STUDENT ACTIVITIES

Students:

• Identify healthy foods
• Name signs of good nutrition
• Discuss foods they eat at home
• Learn about preventing diseases

EVALUATIVE ACTIVITIES

• Explain what nutrition means
• Name three foods for good nutrition
• Identify one deficiency disease
• Know how to prevent malnutrition

WORKBOOK

WEEKLY ASSESSMENT (TEST)

1. Nutrition means eating _______ foods to stay healthy. A. Any B. Right
2. _______ makes the stomach big and swollen. A. Kwashiorkor B. Happiness
3. Rickets makes bones _______ and weak. A. Strong B. Soft
4. To prevent deficiency diseases, eat _______ types of food. A. One B. Different
5. Good nutrition helps children _______ properly. A. Sleep B. Grow