Family Health (I) JSS1 Basic Science Lesson Note

FAMILY HEALTH (1)

SANITATION

Sanitation is the process of keeping places free from dirt, which causes infections, diseases, and germs. This is done by removing waste products (both solid and liquid) away from the environment. It is also the process of maintaining cleanliness.

PERSONAL CLEANLINESS

This refers to the way of keeping germs from our bodies to maintain a healthy state.  Germs are organisms that are capable of causing diseases in our bodies.

PERSONAL HYGIENE

This is the practice of taking care of our body to lead a healthy life. The science and practice of maintaining good health through cleanliness is called hygiene.

Ways of Keeping Our Body Clean

1.                 Clean your teeth at least twice daily.
2.                 Always wash your body daily by bathing.
3.                 Wash your hair always and comb it to make it look neat.
4.                 Always wash and keep your clothes neat.
5.                 Cut and keep your fingernails clean.
6.                 Wash and clean your ears regularly.
7.                 Clean your nose with a clean handkerchief always.
8.                 Wash your hands before and after meals and also after using the toilet

Advantages of Personal Hygiene

1.                 Good health

2.                 Happiness

3.                 Emotional stability

4.                 High self-esteem

5.                 Social acceptability

Disadvantages of Poor/Lack of Personal Hygiene

1.                 It makes people prone to germs or infections
2.                 Body odour and skin diseases.
3.                 It can lead to mouth odour, tooth decay, toothache, etc.
4.                 Dirty hair can lead to the presence of lice in the hair.
5.                 Germs may be swallowed if the hands are dirty.
6.                 Wearing dirty clothes makes one look untidy.

Levels of Personal Hygiene

The two levels of personal hygiene are:

1.                 Low level of personal hygiene: This occurs when someone wears clean clothes but dirty underwear, with dirty armpits, overgrown hair, dirty teeth and nails.
2.                 High/Optimal level of personal hygiene: This occurs when someone takes proper care of both his outward appearance and the underwear.

Factors That Leads To Low-Level Personal Hygiene

1.                 Ignorance
2.                 Tradition
3.                 Lack of time
4.                 Nonchalant attitude

CLASSWORK

1.                 What is sanitation?
2.                 Define cleanliness
3.                 Mention the two levels of personal hygiene
4.                 List four advantages of personal hygiene