SPEECH WORK

SPEECH WORK: Revision of consonant sound with emphasis on constant cluster.

As we already know, there are forty-four speech sounds in English. While twenty of them are vowels, the remaining twenty-four are consonants. A consonant is produced with the flow of air from the lungs erupting somewhere in the ducal clarity (mouth). A consonant is therefore a speech sound made with the obstruction of an airstream. The obstruction could be ‘partial ‘or ‘total’, The important thing about the production of a consonant, therefore, is that there is always a degree of obstruction of the airstream from the lungs. The degree of obstruction of air is one of the three important factors used in classifying English consonants.

These factors are usually considered in the classification of consonants. These are:

Place of articulation.

Manner of articulation.

State of glottis.

Here are the lists of consonant sounds with examples.

i./p/  as in pan,prefect,nap

ii./b/ as in bud, rubber, rubs.

iii./t/  as in tea, seat, heater.

iv./k/  as income, marking, pack.

v./d/  as in dip, hide, riddles.

vi./g/   as in get, target, rag.

vii./f/ as in fork, suffer, cough.

viii./v/ as in van, river, live.

ix./0/ as in anthem, think, both.

x./∂ / as in this, father breathes.

xi./s/ as in sip, racing, place.

xii./z/ as in Zink, razor, has.

xiii./S/ as in ships, lashes, fish.

xiv.//   as in genre, vision, garage.

xv./h/ as in hat, behave

xvi./ts as in teach, rich

xvii./d/ as in  joy, rejoice, page.

xviii./l/     as in lock, follow, sell.

xix./r/    as in rag, borrow,______

xx./w/   as in win, rewind,______

xxi./j/     as in yes, _______.

xxii./m/   as in man, remain him.

xxiii./n/    as in net, runner, rain.

xxiv./J/  as in singer, bang, _________.

From the above example, we can see that most of the consonants can occur at the beginning, middle, and end of a word but a few of their consonants are restricted to certain positions.

Classification according to features.

CONSONANT CLUSTER

This is the placement of two or more consonants side by side in a word. In many Nigerian languages, there is no consonant cluster but in English, there may be an initial cluster of two or three consonants. The following are examples of consonant clusters. Garden, buffer, friend, peddle, coffee, little, cotton, settles. E.t.c.

Clusters of two consonants

Example:

Bride                                 crime

Shrink                               stand

Glad                                  crop

Dwell                                 flame

 Play                                 tray.

In English words, there may be a consonant at the end of a word. While two or three consonants can occur at the beginning of a word in English, the language permits at most four consonants in a cluster at the end of a word. Examples: lion, tempts, exempts, sixths, prompt, seed, etc.

LESSON TWO

GRAMMAR: Transitive and intransitive verbs.

TRANSITIVE: A transitive verb has an object. In other words, the action of the verb is transferred from the subject to the object.

Example (i) Ayo shouted at his wife  -obj.

               (ii) Olu wrote a letter – obj.

               (iii) Mr Ojo killed a goat – obj. 

INTRANSITIVE VERBS: An intransitive verb does not need an object for completion. It does not have an object. In other words, the action of the verb does not go across from the subject to the object. Example:

The baby cries.

Samuel laughs.

The pig grunts.

The lion roars.

The sun shines.

ASSIGNMENT

 Indicate which of the following transitive or intransitive verbs is.

1.                   The water is boiling.

2.                   Justine slept

3.                   Mr Olayemi punished the latecomers.

4.                   The boy ate the rice.

5.                   The door is open halfway.

LESSON THREE(3)

READING AND COMPREHENSION

Reading to understand the writer’s purpose.

Content: comprehension is a process of reading, understanding, and explaining what is written in a passage. For every comprehension exercise, there must be a passage to be read.

The purpose of the comprehension exercise is to test student’s understanding of a given passage. In comprehension, the thoughts of the writer are presented to students for reading, understanding, and explaining.

Instruction: Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions. No 1: unit one (1) how we spent the Holiday.

Reference: New Oxford English course for junior secondary school (upper Basic Education) 2, page 8, 9.

ASSIGNMENT.

Students should answer questions 6 – 10 from home.

LESSON FOUR (4)

CONTINUOUS WRITING: COMPOSITION

Descriptive Essay – A Local Festival.

Content: What is a descriptive essay?

A descriptive essay is writing about the way persons, animals, or things appear. In writing a description, a writer goes through another medium that shows an accurate copy of what he intends to describe in a moment. Description concentrates primarily on things rather than the actions in which the thing participates. Descriptive writing involves the use of words that give the qualities of the subject or object of description. e.g. friendly, good, bad, dull, nice, etc. Descriptive also provides details that strengthen it and make it vivid. The use of figurative language gives color to a description. They are the simile and the metaphor.

TITLE: A LOCAL FESTIVAL

INTRODUCTION (A new yam festival).

  The new yam festival, otherwise called “Ogun festival” in Abule oja. It comes up once a year. It is the greatest and most celebrated traditional festival in Abule-oja. It is celebrated in honour of Ogun the Yoruba “god of iron and war”. It is the only festival that brings together the people in the village both those at home, and abroad as well as all those who belong to different religions. Be they Christians, Muslims, or traditional worshippers all unite as one during the Ogun festival at Abule Oja. The last one was celebrated from 15th -18th August 2013. It was most celebrated in recent years as the new age grade of which I was an active member fared during the festival.

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Finally, it was recommended by the media men who covered the festival that such should be integrated into national journalism (FOR FOURTH WEEK)

Ø FOR WEEK FOUR.

TITLE: A PLACE OF INTEREST 1

ONCE VISITED. (ORAL DISCUSSION).

It was last year August 2014 during the summer coaching, we were taken on an excursion to Ibadan Zoo. This was my first time visiting the place. I was happy to see many attractive and interesting things there. At the same, there are wild animals that frightened me, and almost row not to visit the zoo again.

   The first place we were taken to was the monkey cage called the chimpanzee

Big with the horrible look. He was served a bunch of bananas and he finished it within some minutes. I also saw a lion cave very wild and he roars to frighten people. I saw a python (snake) and I learned that he can swallow big animals, even human beings. In addition, I saw other animals such as Giraffe fox, horse, elephant etc.

     At exactly two o’clock, we are asked to get back into the school bus, as we begin our journey back to Lagos. Our discussion while coming was nothing but the experience acquired at the zoo. We finally got to Lagos at exactly 5:15pm, Getting home I narrated my beautiful experience to my parents and my sibling who wish they were there also.