First Aid And Safety Education JSS2 Physical & Health Education Lesson Note

 FIRST AID AND SAFETY EDUCATION

First aid:- is the immediate and temporary care given to an accident victim or to a person who suddenly becomes sick until medical attention is provided by a qualified doctor or health practitioner.

 Safety- simply refers to the measures that are taken in other to be free from all types of danger in the environment 

Safety Education- is the acquisition of knowledge and skills that are used to create safety skills, prevent accidents, and take care of emergencies.

ACCIDENT

An accident is an unexpected and undesirable event that occurs suddenly resulting in injury, loss, or damage to properties and even death.

An accident can also be defined as an unintended and unforeseen event, usually resulting in personal injury or property damage.

TYPES OF ACCIDENTS

1. Home accidents/ domestic
2. School accident
3. Transportation accidents
4. Workplace/ industrial accident
5. Sports accident

1. Home accidents—these are accidents that occur in the home, surroundings, and neighborhood. Most of the accidents at home are in the form of cuts, falls, poison, burns, scalds, suffocation, and dislocation as a result of slippery surfaces.

MEASURES FOR PREVENTING HOME ACCIDENTS

1. Always keep drugs and other dangerous materials out of reach of the children
2. Take adequate rest when necessary
3. Avoid being in haste
4. Always maintain a clean environment
5. Always maintain proper arrangements at home

2. School accidents—accidents that occur within the school compound in areas like laboratories, playing grounds, canteen, and halls. The accident occurs in the form of falls, cuts, dislocations, burns, strains, sprains, and fractures.

MEASURES FOR PREVENTING SCHOOL ACCIDENTS

1. Proper arrangement of laboratories with laboratory attendants.
2. Good supervision / adequate instructions
3. Adequate facility and equipment
4. Proper use of machines and equipment
5. Clean environment/ safe playground

3. Transportation accidents—these are accidents that occur on the road, in the sea, on the rail, and in the air. Transportation accidents are usually fatal and result in death or complicated injuries.

MEASURES FOR PREVENTING TRANSPORTATION ACCIDENTS

1. Take adequate rest when necessary
2. Avoid being in a hurry or overspeeding
3. Always concentrate when driving/ piloting.
4. Use of safety devices should always be encouraged.
5. Compliance with traffic laws and regulation

4.   Workplace/ Industrial accidents—these are accidents that occur in industries, construction, farming, manufacturing, and other industries. Occupational accidents can lead to injuries, physical handicaps, and even death.

MEASURES FOR PREVENTING WORKPLACE/ INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS

1. Regular maintenance and repair of machines
2. Safety rules must be obeyed and adhered to
3. Objects must be properly handed
4. Avoid using tools and machines when tired.

5. Sports Accidents—These are accidents that occur during sporting activities which can lead to reduction or total loss of function of the part or the whole body. The accident occurs in the form of dislocation, sprain, strain, fracture, muscle cramp, muscle pull, wound, and bleeding.

MEASURES FOR PREVENTING SPORTS ACCIDENTS

1. Wear appropriate sportswear
2. The playing field should be inspected and cleared of any dangerous objects
3. Progress from simple to complex activities
4. Follow the rules and regulations of any game or sport you participate in
5. Know your limits or ability and stop when tired