Highest Common Factor (HCF) And Lowest Common Factor (LCF) JSS2 Mathematics Lesson Note
Download Lesson NoteTopic: Highest Common Factor (HCF) And Lowest Common Factor (LCF)
HIGHEST COMMON FACTOR (HCF) AND LOWEST COMMON FACTOR (LCM)
EXAMPLE 1: Find the L C M of 18 and 24
Solution:
METHOD 1 METHOD 2
2 18 24 18 = 2 ×3 ×3
2 9 12 24 = 2 ×2 ×2 ×3
2 9 6 L C M = 2 ×2 ×2 ×3 ×3
3 9 3 = 72
3 3 1
1 1
L C M = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 72
Example 2: Find the L C M of 72 and 90
Solution:
METHOD 1 METHOD 2
2 72 90 72 = 2 X 2X 2 X 3 X 3
2 36 45 90 = 2X 3 X3 X 5
2 18 45 L C M = 2 X 2 X 2 X 3 X 3 X 5
3 9 45 = 360
3 3 15
5 1 5
1 1
2 x 2 x 2 x3 x 3 x 5 = 360
Example 3: Find the H C F of 72 and 96
Solution: find the prime product of the number and pick the common ones
72 = 2 * 2 * 2 * 3 * 300
96 = 2 * 2 * 2 * 2 * 2 * 3
H C F = 2 * 2 * 2 * 3 = 24
SQUARE AND SQUARE ROOT
“Square” is the product of two equal terms example N * N = N²
Example 1: Find the square of 14 and 21
Solution:
14 * 14 = 196 (b) 21 * 21 = 441.
Square Root: A number that when multiplied by itself equals a given number.
Example 2: find the square root of 144
Solution:
Using a prime factor method (method 1) Factor pairs method (method 2)
2 144 144 = 1 *144
2 72 = 2 * 72
2 36 = 3 * 48
2 18 = 4 * 36
3 9 = 6 * 24
3 3 = 8 * 18
1 = 9 * 16
Therefore (2 * 2) * (2 * 2) * (3 * 3) = 2* 2 * 3 = 12 = 12 x 12