CULTURAL PRACTICES 

Cultural practices involve all the activities carried out on the farm before, during, and after the planting of crops. They are grouped into pre-planting, planting, and post-planting operations.

PRE-PLANTING OPERATION:

These are the operations done before planting.

They are:

1. Choice of site
2. Clearing of land
3. Stumping
4. Ploughing
5. Harrowing
6. Ridging

  PLANTING OPERATIONS

PLANTING OPERATION: These are activities done during planting. They are:

1.     Planting /Sowing
2.     Transplanting
3.     Nursery practices
4.     Thinning
5.     Spacing
6.     Depth

POST-PLANTING OPERATIONS

POST-PLANTING OPERATIONS: These are the activities that are done after planting.

They are:

1. Thining
2. Supplying
3. Mulching
4. Manure or application
5. Watering
6. Weeding
7. Pest and disease control
8. Harvesting
9. Processing
10. Storage

FARMING SYSTEM

MIXED FARMING: is an agricultural system in which a farmer conducts different agricultural practice together, such as cash crops and livestock. The aim is to increase income through different sources and to complement land and labour demands across the year. 

MONOCROPPING: is the agricultural practice of growing a single crop year after year on the same land, in the absence of rotation through other crops, or growing multiple crops on the same land (polyculture). Corn , soybeans , and wheat are three common crops often grown using monocropping techniques.  

SOLE CROPPING

Growing one crop alone or in pure stand, either as a single crop or as a sequence of single crops within the year. 

MIXED CROPPING 

Mixed cropping is a system of sowing two or three crops together on the same land, one being the main crop and the others the subsidiaries