Adverbial Clause & Report Writing SS3 English Studies Lesson Note

GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURE

Adverbial clause

An adverbial clause is a subordinate clause that performs the functions of an adverb. Such as telling us how, when, where, why, to what extent, or under what conditions, the action of the verb is performed. In other words, the adverbial clause modifies the verb in the main clause. 

Examples of adverbial clauses

1. She sings as if she were happy. (Manner; ‘as if she were happy’ modifies the verb ‘sings’)
2. Ada saw him when she came to his office (Time; ‘when she came to his office’ modifies the verb ‘saw’)
3. She can be found where the man lives. (Place; ‘where the ‘man lives’ modifies the verb ‘can be found’)
4. The man worked so hard that he soon felt sick. (Result: ‘that he soon fell sick’ modifies the verb ‘worked’, together with its modifier ‘so hard’)
5. We shall go out if it does not rain. (Condition: ‘if it does not rain’ modifies the verb ‘shall go’, together with its modifier ‘out’) 

Types of Adverbial Clauses

The different types of adverbial clauses correspond with the nature of information which the clause gives about the verb in the main clause. 

Of time

• Emeka did not bring gifts when he visited you last. Before you start writing, study the question carefully. 

Of Place

• He left the letter where it could be easily seen.Send us wherever you want to 

Of manner

• The Lady is treating us as if we were her servants. The boy danced as though he had been dancing all his life. 

Of reason

•     Because he was wrong, he apologised.
•     He had to fight back since he had no other option. 

Of purpose

•     The athlete trained very hard so that he might win the race.
•     In order to secure a seat, he arrived early at the stadium. 

Of result

•     Sule ate so much food at the party that he started vomiting.
•     The official worked so hard that he had a breakdown. 

Of comparison

•     Amadi drank more wine than I did.
•     My brother works as hard as I do. 

Of condition

•   We shall attend his party if he invites us.
•   Unless he invites us. We shall not attend the party. 

Of concession

• Although Okorie is poor, he is well respected.
• He is intelligent even if he is naïve

Evaluation: Exercise 1, Question a –e page 225, Countdown to English.

WRITING

REVISING REPORT WRITING

A report is a document that is presented in an organised manner, to pass

information, checking data, and provide recommendations.

Reports are often used to communicate findings and outcomes to a specific audience, such as the important people in a company, who are also called stakeholders, or managers.

Reports can be different for many reasons, such as in length and in format but they usually contain a clear introduction, body, and conclusion.

Report Writing

Report writing is the process of creating a document that represents information in a clear and concise manner.

As we have come to know, report writing can primarily include writing for various purposes, such as providing updates on a project, analysing data, presenting findings, or providing suggestions.

In order to make a report, there are rules to follow. Just like you are supposed to obey the rules of the school, in report writing, obeying the rules helps you in making a good report.

This means that report making requires careful planning, gathering information, explaining what you found and organised the information.

Before concluding your report, ensure you have written an accurate, and objective report containing a clear introduction, body, and conclusion.

Evaluation

• Mention two important uses of a report.

Reading Assignment

• Collect a copy of the report on your last school PTA meeting.

Weekend Assignment

• Identify three people that are likely to require a report.